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Date: April 29, 2024 Mon
Time: 11:51 pm
Time: 11:51 pm
Results for youth violence (u.s.)
3 results foundAuthor: Weiss, Billie Title: An Assessment of Youth Violence Prevention Activities in USA Cities Summary: Research has shown that violence is a serious issue for cities. Despite the evidence little data have been collected reporting on cities’ overall strategies, resources, and activities to address this problem. In an effort to inform urban efforts to reduce violence, UNITY conducted an assessment to establish baseline measurements of the magnitude of youth violence, the level of concern within the city and collaborative efforts to address and monitor the issue. The assessment was conducted by Southern California Injury Prevention Research Center (SCIPRC) at UCLA School of Public Health. The study included standardized interviews with Mayors, Police Chiefs, Health Department Directors and School Superintendents, or their designees in a representative sample of the largest cities, populations of 400,000 or more, across the U.S. Major Findings • Most cities cited a lack of a comprehensive strategy. • Public Health Departments are not generally included in city strategies. • Law enforcement and criminal justice are the most prevalent strategy used in the cities. • Gang violence was identified as the major type of youth violence. • Cities, for the most part, lack clearly developed outcomes, evaluations, or evaluation plans to measure and monitor their efforts. • Cities with the greatest coordinated approach also had the lowest rates of youth violence. Recommendations For cities: • Adopt a comprehensive approach to youth violence that includes an equitable distribution of prevention, intervention and suppression/enforcement. • Establish greater collaboration between city entities and across jurisdictional borders to county and state entities. • Develop and implement a city-wide plan with measurable objectives and an evaluation component. For the nation: • Create a national agenda to address youth violence in the largest cities developed and adopted by several national partners. • Provide training for State and Local Public Health Departments about their role in violence prevention and also provide incentives and opportunities to participate in city-wide efforts. • Provide cities with the opportunity to network and mentor each other in their efforts to reduce and prevent violence through UNITY. Details: Los Angeles: Southern California Injury Prevention Research Center, UCLA School of Public Health, 2008. 153p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 19, 2012 at: http://www.ph.ucla.edu/sciprc/pdf/UNITY-SCIPRCassessment.June2008.pdf Year: 2008 Country: United States URL: http://www.ph.ucla.edu/sciprc/pdf/UNITY-SCIPRCassessment.June2008.pdf Shelf Number: 125680 Keywords: Delinquency PreventionGangsJuvenile OffendersUrban AreasViolent CrimeYouth Violence (U.S.) |
Author: Huang, Larke Nahme Title: Promoting Positive Development and Preventing Youth Violence and High-Risk Behaviors in Asian American/Pacific Islander Communities: A Social Ecology Perspective Summary: Youth violence is both a community problem and a public health issue. In 1997 violence claimed the lives of more than 3,700 children under the age of 19, an average of 10 deaths per day (Thornton, Craft, Dahlberg, Lynch, & Baer, 2000). In our society, violence involving youth affects all communities. It is no longer a problem confined to large cities and impoverished communities; it is growing in suburban and rural communities, and across all socioeconomic and ethnic/racial groups. While it affects all communities, minority communities (communities of color) bear a disproportionate share of death, disability, and violence-related social disintegration (Cohen & Lang, 1991). The decade from 1983 to 1993 marked an epidemic of violence throughout the country. It took a tremendous toll on young people, their families and communities. Since the peak of this epidemic, youth violence, as evidenced in arrest records, victimization data, and hospital emergency room records, has declined. However, the problem has not resolved as reflected by another indicator of violence—youth’s confidential reports about their violent behavior. These reports reveal no change since 1993 in the numbers of youth who have committed physically injurious and potentially lethal behaviors. Arrests for aggravated assault have declined only slightly and in 1999 remained nearly 70 percent higher than pre-epidemic levels (Brener et al., 1999). Youth violence is recognized as a public health concern. It contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality, and exacts an enormous toll on the health and well-being of our society and its health resource expenditures. A public health approach focuses more on prevention than rehabilitation. In contrast to a criminal offender or medical model, this approach looks at youth violence as a multidetermined behavior, involving numerous antecedents and risk factors. No single etiology can explain this phenomenon. Rather, a combination of social, cultural, environmental, and individual factors contribute to the incidence of youth violence (American Psychological Association, 1993; Children’s Defense Fund, 1999). Thus, this model calls for a practical, goaloriented, community-based strategy for promoting and maintaining the health of a population. The objective of this paper is to examine models of youth violence prevention and the applicability of these models to Asian American Pacific Islander (AAPI) youth and their communities. The increase in youth violence, the alarm stimulated by tragic school-based acts of violence, and the attention of the U.S. Congress have resulted in the establishment of numerous violence prevention programs. While some of these programs and federal initiatives have focused on ethnic minority youth, most have targeted African American or Latino communities (Wilson-Brewer & Jacklin, 1991). Few programs have addressed AAPI youth. Details: Washington, DC: Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development; Denver, CO: National Asian American/Pacific Islander Mental Health Association, 2004. 94p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 5, 2013 at: http://www.aapcho.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2005/06/AAPI.perspectives.P2_Huang_Ida.pdf Year: 2004 Country: United States URL: http://www.aapcho.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2005/06/AAPI.perspectives.P2_Huang_Ida.pdf Shelf Number: 127850 Keywords: Delinquency PreventionMinority GroupsYouth Violence (U.S.) |
Author: Dahlberg,L.L. Title: Measuring Violence-Related Attitudes, Behaviors, and Influences Among Youths: A Compendium of Assessment Tools. Second Edition Summary: This compendium provides researchers and prevention specialists with a set of tools to assess violence-related beliefs, behaviors, and influences, as well as to evaluate programs to prevent youth violence. If you are new to the field of youth violence prevention and unfamiliar with available measures, you may find this compendium to be particularly useful. If you are an experienced researcher, this compendium may serve as a resource to identify additional measures to assess the factors associated with violence among youths. Although this compendium contains more than 170 measures, it is not an exhaustive listing of available measures. A few of the more widely used measures to assess aggression in children, for example, are copyrighted and could not be included here. Other measures being used in the field, but not known to the authors, are also not included. Many of the measures included in the first edition of the compendium focused on individual violence-related attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors. These types of measures are included in this edition as well and may be particularly useful if you are evaluating a school-based curriculum or a community-based program designed to reduce violence among youths. Several measures to assess peer, family, and community influences have been added to the compendium. Many of these measures are from the major longitudinal and prevention research studies of youth violence being conducted in the United States. Most of the measures in this compendium are intended for use with youths between the ages of 11 and 24 years, to assess such factors as serious violent and delinquent behavior, conflict resolution strategies, social and emotional competencies, peer influences, parental monitoring and supervision, family relationships, exposure to violence, collective efficacy, and neighborhood characteristics. The compendium also contains a number of scales and assessments developed for use with children between the ages of 5 and 10 years, to measure factors such as aggressive fantasies, beliefs supportive of aggression, attributional biases, prosocial behavior, and aggressive behavior. When parent and teacher versions of assessments are available, they are included as well. Details: Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 2005. 363p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 22, 2013 at: http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/yv_compendium.pdf Year: 2005 Country: United States URL: http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/yv_compendium.pdf Shelf Number: 128420 Keywords: Delinquency PreventionViolence PreventionYouth Violence (U.S.) |